KENYA: Corruption in the health sector is negatively affecting realisation of the right to health

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KENYA: Corruption in the health sector is negatively affecting realisation of the right to health

NAIROBI (HORN OBSERVER) Forty five (45) civil society, non-governmental, community based organizations, professional bodies, trade unions and the private sector in Kenya have written an open letter over the persistent corruption in the health sector.

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Kenyan doctors strike over poor pay. (PHOTO/File AP).

NAIROBI (HORN OBSERVER) Forty five (45) civil society, non-governmental, community based organizations, professional bodies, trade unions and the private sector in Kenya have written an open letter over the persistent corruption in the health sector. The open letter is directed to the Ministry of Health, Council of Governors, Auditor General, EACC, ODPP, Parliament, Senate, among others.

This is a follow- up to the joint press statement on 23rd August 2020 calling for immediate measures to guarantee integrity, transparency and

accountability in COVID-19 response efforts.

"We wish to draw the attention of the public to the fact that the #covid-19 millionaires scandal is not an isolated case of corruption in the health sector. For a long time, the health sector has been facing high instances of corruption which is negatively impacting on the realization of the right to health. We are concerned that such corruption is robbing the country of critical funds meant to ensure citizens can access quality health services, vaccines for children, essential drugs for the vulnerable and marginalized, better health facilities, guaranteed healthcare personnel, quality health equipment and supplies, among others,” noted Allan Maleche, the Executive Director of the Kenya Legal and Ethical Issues Network on HIV and AIDS (KELIN).

There have been numerous reports on corruption cases and lack of transparency in the health sector for a significant period of time (or we could say for almost a decade) as detailed in this matrix. In almost all of these cases, no conclusive investigations have been conducted nor have any prosecutions been undertaken.

Consequently no convictions have taken place, but in certain instances money has been paid back the donors using tax payers money.

Kenya, a country with a high prevalence of both communicable and non-communicable diseases, is heavily dependent on donor support towards the health sector. For instance, up to 75% of funds spent on HIV, TB and malaria programmes comes from donors. It, therefore, goes without saying that a continued culture of lack of transparency and accountability, and outright embezzlement of funds invariably erodes donor confidence exposing millions of vulnerable and marginalized communities who depend on the public health system to threats of serious harm if this support is withdrawn. This, including continued embezzlement of taxpayers' monies supporting the health sector, threatens realization of the right to the highest attainable standard of health for

Kenyans and has contributed to the state of near-collapse of the health sector, poor quality health services, frequent

strikes by health care workers, drug stock-outs in health facilities, lack of essential equipment, poor sanitation in

facilities, etc. As recently stated by the Director-General of WHO, it is murder.

With such levels of corruption, Kenya will not meet any of its targets relating to SDGs, UHC and the right to health. This is why the joint open letter calls upon the following duty bearers to urgently undertake the recommended measures to put an end to corruption in the health sector:

1. The Ministry of Health: should as a matter of urgency institute measures to ensure transparency and accountability by proactively disclosing information to the public and by ensuring public participation in design and implementation of projects, as required by the Constitution; create a live portal to share

expenditures related to COVID-19 and all other data in the sector as per the presidential directive, and stop performing any county function without the relevant intergovernmental agreement [procedurally ratified].

2. County Governments: should urgently establish mechanisms for transparency and accountability through proactively making available to the public information on expenditures in the health sector including procurement information, and available stocks; proactively ensuring public participation in

health governance, in compliance with the Constitution; and make public any intergovernmental agreements with the national government on the health function.

3. Office of the Auditor-General: should expedite all pending Audit Reports including on expenditure of COVID-19 resources and provide these reports for public scrutiny, and further make public, within one month, details of reports or recommendations sent to oversight, prosecutorial and investigatory agencies.

4. Ethics and Anti-Corruption Commission (EACC) & Directorate of Criminal Investigations (DCI): should urgently, within one month, provide details of all investigations undertaken on corruption in the health sector and the actions taken, and proactively share with the function, through an online portal, all

corruption cases in the health sector investigated, the outcome of investigations and actions are taken.

5. Office of the Director of Public Prosecutions (DPP): should urgently provide information to the public of all prosecutions (if any) of people involved in corruption scandals in the health sector, and urgently commence prosecutions of all people involved in corruption in the health sector. Some of the information on such responsible persons is publicly available [for instance in the GAVI Audit Report, Global Fund Audit Report, OAG Reports, Senate Ad Hoc Committee Report, among others].

6. National Assembly and Senate Health and Public Accounts Committees: should immediately make public any actions taken by the committees with regards to the numerous reported corruption cases in the health sector, and hold to account all public officials adversely mentioned in health sector corruption and provide oversight to ensure investigative and prosecutorial agencies perform their responsibilities. The Committees should play a proactive role to prevent further loss of public funds in the health sector.

7. Development partners and the UN family providing financial or technical aid to Kenya to urgently make public all audit reports they have undertaken on projects supported by them; make public any specific recommendations previously made to the national or county governments to enhance transparency and accountability and actions taken afterwards; make it a requirement for government entities to proactively disclose to the public all information on health interventions they have supported/funded/advanced loans, and to support social audits on funded health interventions by members of the public by requiring access to information and public participation in all processes for supported interventions.

8. Commission on Administrative Justice: should in the exercise of its mandate ensure the Ministry of Health provides access to information on projects, procurement which information is critical to realize the right to health of the public.